Collapse
1901 - 1912
In the beginning of 20th century, the state of Qing was very questionable which led to the call of reform from Empress Dowager Cixi. In 1908, Empress Cixi died and the power was taken by Zaifeng. Immediately, he stripped Yuan Shikai, a close subordinate of Empress Cixi, because Yuan Shikai held and had an enormous influence on the government so Zaifeng wanted to secure his position. However, people didn't want to follow the rule of Zaifeng as they formed a new government in Nanjing called the Republic of China with Sun Yat-sen as the leader. Later on, the power of the Qin government was reduced as many regions started to declare independence from them. In the critical situation, Yuan Shikai was brought back into power and he stopped the revolution of the Republic of China in the Battle of Yangxia. Furthermore, he asked to remove Zaifeng from power. As a result, Yuan Shikai was in charge of the Qing politics. Finally, the agreement between Yuan Shikai and Sun Yat-sen of forming constitutional republic reform ended the Imperial of China after more than 2,000 years of ruling in 1912.
Remark
Sun Yat-sen
Sun Yat-sen was the leader of the Republic of China. People in China see him as the Father of the Nation after the collapse of the Qing dynasty. On the other hand, he was the first president of China in 1912. However, due to the pressure from Bieyang forces of Yuan Shikai, he had to step down. In 1925, he died and wasn't able to see the consolidation of the Republic of China
Emperor Puyi
Emperor Puyi was the twelfth king of the Qing dynasty and also the last one from 1908 to 1912. After the collapse of Qing dynasty, he ran to the Manchuria homeland and became its Chief Executive under the control of Japan from 1932. However, after the Republic of China was established in 1949, he was imprisoned as a war criminal for 10 years and died in 1967 at the age of 61.
